The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks
The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks is a biography about the life and times of Henrietta Lacks. Henrietta Lacks was an African-American woman who had cancerous cells taken without her knowledge in the 40s. These tumor cells were biologically immortal, meaning that as long they received the nutrients they needed, they would not stop dividing. Researches upon these cells have provided nearly all of the medical developments within the last century. HeLa cells were used to prove the effectiveness of the polio vaccine. HeLa cells were also used to develop methods for freezing cells without harming or changing them. This made it possible to send cells around the world using the already-standardized method for shipping frozen foods and frozen sperm for breeding cattle. These are just few of the many developments brought by her cells. While companies and others benefit from selling and research upon Henrietta’s cells, her family is too poor to afford health insurance and care.
Henrietta lived in a time where taking these cells without her permission was considered okay for someone of her racial and economic status. Many people didn’t know about or didn’t mind the experimentation on various minorities because of the negative stereotypes they believed in, the extreme prejudice they had against them or just because they had no regard for the lives of these minorities.
In terms of race, this was not the first time unethical medical research was performed on someone of African-American heritage. For example, to observe the natural progression of syphilis, The Tuskegee syphilis experiment researchers chose poor, African American men with syphilis. Controversy arose because these men were not told they had syphilis nor were they treated for it despite the validation of penicillin as a cure for the disease. Researchers chose black subjects because they, like many whites at the time, believed black people were “a notoriously syphilis soaked race”
In terms of her economic status, many doctors and researchers often took samples from or experimented on poverty stricken individuals in compensation for free medical care. This was common practice at the time Henrietta’s cancer cells were removed without her consent. Also it was common practice to withhold information from and take samples from patients without their consent to avoid unnecessary fear and hesitation that would hinder scientific study. This is also the case when researchers do not share information regarding procedures and sample removal with the patient’s family. HeLa cell research contributed to the demand of and implementation of an informed consent requirement in research regarding human subjects.